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Phagosome（吞噬体）

基础研究核心: 解析吞噬细胞（巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞）通过吞噬作用摄入并降解病原体、凋亡细胞或异物的分子机制，是先天免疫防御与组织稳态维持的关键。核心过程分为四步：吞噬细胞通过表面受体（FcγR、CR3、TLR）识别靶标并启动吞噬信号；信号触发肌动蛋白细胞骨架重排，形成吞噬杯包裹靶标，闭合后形成吞噬体；吞噬体通过与早期内体、晚期内体逐步融合，经历酸化成熟过程；最终与溶酶体融合形成吞噬溶酶体，利用酸性水解酶降解靶标。该过程中，TLR 信号可激活 NF-κB 通路，促进炎症因子分泌，增强免疫应答。研究重点包括吞噬受体的识别特异性、肌动蛋白重排的信号调控、吞噬体成熟的膜转运机制、吞噬体 - 溶酶体融合的调控、通路异常与感染性疾病（病原体逃逸吞噬降解）、自身免疫病（凋亡细胞清除障碍）的关联。
核心关键蛋白: 吞噬受体（FcγRⅠ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ、CR3/CR4、TLR4/TLR2、 scavenger receptors）、肌动蛋白（Actin）、肌动蛋白调控蛋白（Rac1、Cdc42、Arp2/3 复合物）、吞噬信号激酶（Src、Syk、PI3K）、Rab GTPases（Rab5/Rab7/Rab11，调控吞噬体成熟）、吞噬体膜蛋白（LAMP1/LAMP2，参与融合）、溶酶体水解酶（组织蛋白酶、核酸酶）、TLR 信号适配器（MyD88、TRIF，激活炎症反应）、NF-κB（炎症因子转录调控）。

23673 (STX12)8417 (STX7)9341 (VAMP3)11151 (CORO1A)60 (ACTB), 71 (ACTG1)53407 (STX18)9554 (SEC22B)3105 (HLA-A), 3106 (HLA-B), 3107 (HLA-C), 3133 (HLA-E), 3134 (HLA-F), 3135 (HLA-G)3108 (HLA-DMA), 3109 (HLA-DMB), 3111 (HLA-DOA), 3112 (HLA-DOB), 3113 (HLA-DPA1), 3115 (HLA-DPB1), 3117 (HLA-DQA1), 3118 (HLA-DQA2), 3119 (HLA-DQB1), 3122 (HLA-DRA), 3123 (HLA-DRB1), 3125 (HLA-DRB3), 3126 (HLA-DRB4), 3127 (HLA-DRB5)5868 (RAB5A), 5869 (RAB5B), 5878 (RAB5C)8411 (EEA1)7037 (TFRC)5289 (PIK3C3)101927180 (ATP6V1FP2), 10312 (TCIRG1), 127124 (ATP6V1G3), 155066 (ATP6V0E2), 23545 (ATP6V0A2), 245972 (ATP6V0D2), 245973 (ATP6V1C2), 50617 (ATP6V0A4), 51382 (ATP6V1D), 51606 (ATP6V1H), 523 (ATP6V1A), 525 (ATP6V1B1), 526 (ATP6V1B2), 527 (ATP6V0C), 528 (ATP6V1C1), 529 (ATP6V1E1), 533 (ATP6V0B), 534 (ATP6V1G2), 535 (ATP6V0A1), 537 (ATP6AP1), 8992 (ATP6V0E1), 90423 (ATP6V1E2), 9114 (ATP6V0D1), 9296 (ATP6V1F), 9550 (ATP6V1G1)811 (CALR)821 (CANX)6890 (TAP1), 6891 (TAP2)3105 (HLA-A), 3106 (HLA-B), 3107 (HLA-C), 3133 (HLA-E), 3134 (HLA-F), 3135 (HLA-G)9146 (HGS)338382 (RAB7B), 7879 (RAB7A)83547 (RILP)1778 (DYNC1H1), 1780 (DYNC1I1), 1781 (DYNC1I2), 1783 (DYNC1LI2), 51143 (DYNC1LI1), 79659 (DYNC2H1)10376 (TUBA1B), 112714 (TUBA3E), 113457 (TUBA3D), 51807 (TUBA8), 7277 (TUBA4A), 7278 (TUBA3C), 7846 (TUBA1A), 79861 (TUBAL3), 84790 (TUBA1C)10381 (TUBB3), 10382 (TUBB4A), 10383 (TUBB4B), 124908013, 124908015, 124908041, 203068 (TUBB), 260334 (TUBB8B), 347688 (TUBB8), 347733 (TUBB2B), 7280 (TUBB2A), 81027 (TUBB1), 84617 (TUBB6)101927180 (ATP6V1FP2), 10312 (TCIRG1), 127124 (ATP6V1G3), 155066 (ATP6V0E2), 23545 (ATP6V0A2), 245972 (ATP6V0D2), 245973 (ATP6V1C2), 50617 (ATP6V0A4), 51382 (ATP6V1D), 51606 (ATP6V1H), 523 (ATP6V1A), 525 (ATP6V1B1), 526 (ATP6V1B2), 527 (ATP6V0C), 528 (ATP6V1C1), 529 (ATP6V1E1), 533 (ATP6V0B), 534 (ATP6V1G2), 535 (ATP6V0A1), 537 (ATP6AP1), 8992 (ATP6V0E1), 90423 (ATP6V1E2), 9114 (ATP6V0D1), 9296 (ATP6V1F), 9550 (ATP6V1G1)3108 (HLA-DMA), 3109 (HLA-DMB), 3111 (HLA-DOA), 3112 (HLA-DOB), 3113 (HLA-DPA1), 3115 (HLA-DPB1), 3117 (HLA-DQA1), 3118 (HLA-DQA2), 3119 (HLA-DQB1), 3122 (HLA-DRA), 3123 (HLA-DRB1), 3125 (HLA-DRB3), 3126 (HLA-DRB4), 3127 (HLA-DRB5)3916 (LAMP1), 3920 (LAMP2)200576 (PIKFYVE)4074 (M6PR)4842 (NOS1)101927180 (ATP6V1FP2), 10312 (TCIRG1), 127124 (ATP6V1G3), 155066 (ATP6V0E2), 23545 (ATP6V0A2), 245972 (ATP6V0D2), 245973 (ATP6V1C2), 50617 (ATP6V0A4), 51382 (ATP6V1D), 51606 (ATP6V1H), 523 (ATP6V1A), 525 (ATP6V1B1), 526 (ATP6V1B2), 527 (ATP6V0C), 528 (ATP6V1C1), 529 (ATP6V1E1), 533 (ATP6V0B), 534 (ATP6V1G2), 535 (ATP6V0A1), 537 (ATP6AP1), 8992 (ATP6V0E1), 90423 (ATP6V1E2), 9114 (ATP6V0D1), 9296 (ATP6V1F), 9550 (ATP6V1G1)4353 (MPO)1514 (CTSL), 1520 (CTSS)3105 (HLA-A), 3106 (HLA-B), 3107 (HLA-C), 3133 (HLA-E), 3134 (HLA-F), 3135 (HLA-G)6890 (TAP1), 6891 (TAP2)10952 (SEC61B), 23480 (SEC61G), 29927 (SEC61A1), 55176 (SEC61A2)2204 (FCAR)2209 (FCGR1A), 2212 (FCGR2A), 2213 (FCGR2B), 2214 (FCGR3A), 2215 (FCGR3B), 9103 (FCGR2C)102723407 (IGH)715 (C1R)3684 (ITGAM), 3689 (ITGB2)718 (C3)4153 (MBL2), 6441 (SFTPD), 653509 (SFTPA1), 729238 (SFTPA2), 78989 (COLEC11), 81035 (COLEC12)3684 (ITGAM), 3689 (ITGB2)3685 (ITGAV), 3690 (ITGB3)3685 (ITGAV), 3693 (ITGB5)1311 (COMP), 7057 (THBS1), 7058 (THBS2), 7059 (THBS3), 7060 (THBS4)3673 (ITGA2), 3688 (ITGB1)3678 (ITGA5), 3688 (ITGB1)3688 (ITGB1)7097 (TLR2)7099 (TLR4)929 (CD14)10333 (TLR6)22925 (PLA2R1), 4360 (MRC1), 9902 (MRC2)10332 (CLEC4M), 30835 (CD209)64581 (CLEC7A)4481 (MSR1)8685 (MARCO)4973 (OLR1)949 (SCARB1)948 (CD36)1535 (CYBA)1536 (CYBB)5879 (RAC1)1535 (CYBA)1536 (CYBB)653361 (NCF1)4688 (NCF2)4689 (NCF4)5879 (RAC1)653361 (NCF1)4688 (NCF2)4689 (NCF4)

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